Dishwashing machine



Feb. 2, 1954 D. D. DEMAREST 2,667,383

I DISHWASHING MACHINE Filed Jan. 17, 1948 7 Sheets-sheaf. 2

INVENTORQ 0. Douqlas Demaresf ATTORNEYS 1954 D. D. DEMAREST 2,667,883

DISHWASHING MACHINE Filed Jan. 17, 1948 7 Sheets-Sheet 3 fig, 3.

5a 4 l" I06 I06 I05 kl 97 7/- f INVENTORY 12 Oouq/a: Demaresf ATTORNEYS '7 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Jan. 17, 1948 INVENTOR. Q Doug/as Demaresf BY awn, @W75M7 ATTORNEYS Feb; 2, 1954 D. D. DEMAREST 2,667,883

DISK- WASHING MACHINE Filed Jan. 1'7, 1948 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR. 0 Qouq/a: Demaresf BY M, Qwz vii/v7 ATTORNEYS Feb. 2, 1954 D. o. DEMAREST 7,88

DISHWASHING MACHINE Filed Jan. 17, 1948 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 a/ [Z 75 7a [3 I 77 V 7'a 55 M Z7 75 f I f/q. l4.

INVENTOR.

D. Dauq/as Demaresi ATTORNEYS Feb. 2, 1954 D. D. DEMAREST DISHWASHING MACHINE 7 Sheets-Sheet '7 Filed Jan. 17, 1948 INVENTOR. 0. Doug/as aemaresf BY M M, M46147 ATTORNEYS Patented Feb. 2, 1954 UNITED STATES,

ATENT OFFKIE The. present invention relates to a washing machine, and although it'hasa wide rangeoi utility, itrispa-rticularly useful for washing; dishes and other similar kitchen utensils.

One object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved washing machine, which is comparatively inexpensive in construction but nevertheless effective in operation, which is small enough, light enough and compact enough to render it highly adaptable, as for example, for domestic dish washing, which has a minimum number of movable mechanical parts, which afiords maximum capacity while occupying a minimum of space and which in certain phases of; its operation ishydrodynamically controlled by the washing liquid to effect a playing action of said liquid against the articles to be washed.

Various other objects of the invention are apparent from the following particular description and from an inspection of the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a top plan view of a complete dish Washing machine embodying the present invention;

Fig. 2; is a rear elevation of the dish washing mac e;

Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the dish washing mach ne;

Fig. 4 is a transverse section of the dish retaining basket used in connection with the dish washing machine of the present invention and taken approximately along the lines 4-4 of Fig. 5;

Fig. 5 is a partial end view of the basket of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section of the dish washing machine taken along the lines 6% of Fig. 7 and shown with the basket removed;

Fig. 7 is a transverse section of the dish washing. machine taken along the lines 1'i of Fig. 6 and shown with the basket removed;

Fig. 8 is a section somewhat diagrammatic of the pivotally mounted hydrodynamically controlled vaned nozzle through which the washing liquid is streamed and shows said nozzle in downward angular limiting position to project the stream downwardly;

Fig. 9 is a section similar to that of Fig. 8 but showing. the nozzle at a subsequent stage, while the course of the stream is being changed automatically by the hydrodynamic pressure on said nozzle;

Fig. 10 is. a section similar to that of; Fig. 9 but showing th nozzle at a subsequent stage and in uppermost angular limiting position at the in-v stant it is being angularly reversed by the stream of liquid coursing therethrough;

Fig. 11 is a section somewhat similar to that of Fig. 10 but showing the nozzle at a subsequent stage towards its lower angular position;

Fig. 12 is a side view of the nozzle;

Fig. 13 is a top plan view of the nozzle; and

Fig. 14 is an end view. of the nozzle.

Referring to the drawings, the washing machine is shown specifically as a dish washing machine and comprises a housing Ill of generally rectangular shape defining a washing chamber. and having a pair of opposed. side walls H. connected together at the bottom by rods l2 serving not only as connecting members for said walls, but also a supports for the machine. At oppo. site ends of the housing Hi, above the middle, are. cross-rods 13 serving not only as connecting members for the housing walls H but also as handles by which the machine can belifted and carried from place to place.

The upper end of the housing Iii has an opening closed by a cover It pivoted by a hinge I! to the side walls llof the housing. Extending between the two opposcd side walls I l are end walls 29 and 2| connected to said opposed side walls by any suitable means. The front wall 20 has a main section 22. extending downwardly, a top transverse flange 23 extending in one direction to the hinge I 1 and a lower flange or lip 24 extending in the opposite direction, for the purpose to be described. The rear wall 2! is shaped to conform with certain operating units of the machine to be described.

Extending between the side walls I l and serv v ing as a guard for a water wheel 5'! to be described is a partition wall It having at its lower end a flange 25 in the horizontal plane of the flange 24 of the front housing wall 20. Removably supported in the housing it) on the flanges 24 and 25 of the end walls 2!! and 2| respectively is a strainer or screen 27 which may be composed of wire mesh or of similar openwork construction provided with a hinged handle 28 which can be folded back against the screen when supporting a dish holding basket and which can be raised. as shown in Fig. 6 to permit removal of said strainer. This strainer 21 serves to hold the refuse washed oil the dishes, so that this refuse does not get into the circulating washing ing machine and which has a top section 32 forming part of the top wall of the housing. This top wall section 32 has an opening 33 to permit the handle of a pot or pan to extend therethrough when it is desired to wash such a utensil, in cases where such a utensil, is too large to fit entirely in the washing chamber.

The cover It has a depending flange 35 at one end with a lip 38 serving to engage the top flange 23 of the front end wall 22 when said cover is opened at about 90, and to limit thereby the opening movement of said cover. i 1'. A basket 36 shown in Figs. 4 and 5 is adapted allel rods 43, so that said latter end of the basket is open for the projection of the cleaning liquid therethrough. The bottom of the basket All has a series of rods or wires 54 arranged in crisscross fashion and serving to form an openwork structure through which the cleaning liquid can drain very quickly into a sump tank 45.

Also mounted between the basket plates 4! in planes substantially parallel to said plates is a series of rods or wires 46 bent to hold and retain the different dishes and utensils to be washed. For that purpose, these wires 46 are shown bent to form an intermediate U-shaped section 41 for supporting such articles as glasses and the like and having an angular end section 48 serving with the front basket wall 42 to retain cups and the like. ported in upright position between the rods or wires 46. The plates and saucers are desirably supported in the basket 40, so that they extend substantially parallel to the side plates 1",, and

the vessels such as the glass and the cups are sup-.

ported so that the open ends thereof face the open end of the basket through which the washing liquid is streamed.

The basket 40 is provided at opposite sides with handles 50 and the side walls ll of the housing I are provided with slots to permit the side arms of these handles to be lowered thereinto when the basket with the dishes to be cleaned is set in position in the interior of the housing It. In the set up position of the basket 49 in the housing Hi, the bottom of said basket is disposed. above the screen 2'! so that the refuse washed.

from the dishes will drain on to the screen 21.

The housing is formed with a bottom wall 54 having an inclined extension 55 at its front end between the side walls jl serving with said side walls as a trough or chute through which the soaped water or other cleaning liquid can be admitted into or discharged from the sump tank 45. This bottom wall 56 is disposed below the screen 21 a sufiicient distance, so that the amount of cleaning liquid retained in the sump tank 45 below said screen is ample for washing purposes, when recirculated as will be described.

The cleaning liquid from the sump tank 45 is scooped up by a high speed water wheel 51 and hurled thereby towards the inlet of a nozzle unit 58, which in turn projects said liquid as a high velocity stream through the open end of the basket 40 and against the dishes contained therein. This water wheel 51 comprises a shaft 69 supported in suitable journals in the side walls H of the housing l0 and carrying a plurality of discs 6| (three being shown). Supported on the rim of these discs BI is a series of buckets The plates and saucers can be sup- 62 shown of substantially right-angle cross-section and each having one leg 83 retained in slots in said discs and having their other leg 54 extending substantially tangentially with respect to the periphery of these discs. The rear end housing wall 2| is arcuately shaped at its lower section 65 so that it will be concentric with respect to the water wheel shaft 6% and will be spaced from the periphery of the discs 8! to permit the outer ends of the buckets $2 to ride close to the inner surface of said wall section 65 as the water wheel 51 is rotated in the counterclockwise direction shown in Fig. 6. As this water wheel rotates at high speed in the direction indicated, the buckets 62 carry the cleaning liquid from the sump tank 45 upwardly and hurl it centriiusally at high velocity towards the inlet of the nozzle unit 58. This water wheel is driven from the motor 3! through a suitable belt and pulley drive it which is protected by means of a guard H secured to one of the side housing plates H;

The nozzle unit 58 is adapted to be angularly oscillated about a substantially horizontal axis by the hydrodynamic forces created by the liquid passing therethrough and comprises a tubular member 15 of substantially oblong rectangular cross-section having a bottom wall 75, side walls 11 near its inlet end and an upper wall 18 having a flaring outlet section 8%. Near the outlet end of the nozzle member are the side walls 83 spaced from the side walls 11 for the purpose to course of the stream through the nozzle unit 58 and serving as a rudder by which said nozzle unit may be oscillated angularly about its pivot mountings 82. This vane 88 is of wedged shape tapering to a thin edge projecting towards the inlet end of the nozzle unit 58. In order to effect angular movement of the vane 86 about its pivot supports 85, there is secured to each of the side housing walls H a pair of superposed pins 88 and 89 extending into the path of movement of the vane 86. The lower pins 8% are cleared by the spaces 81 respectively defined between the side nozzle walls I! and 83, while the upper pins 89 are cleared not only by said spaces but also by recesses 89 in the upper nozzle wall 18.

In the operation of the nozzle unit 58, while said nozzle unit is in the downward angular position shown in Fig. 8, the liquid from the water wheel 51 passes through the inlet of said nozzle unit and is directed angularly downwardly thereby towards the open end of the basket 40, while the vane E6 is in the angular position shown with its outer edge engaging the top wall 18 of the nozzle member F5. In this position, the liquid is applying a force against the top wall 18 of the nozzle member and against the underside of the vane 86, causing the nozzle member 15 with said vane to swing clockwise about its pivot mountings 82, with no relative movement between said vane and said nozzle member and with no angular movement of said vane about its pivot supports 85. this nozzle member 15' is swung clockwise,- thedirection of the stream is correspond ingly changed. This angular movement of the nozzle member 75- iscontinued until the vane 8E engages the upper pins 89. At this stage, as the nozzle. member lt-rotates clockwise, the. vane 86 engaging the pins as moves clockwise aboutv its pivot supports 55. and away from the top nozzle wall I8, as shown in Fig. 9, so that the liquid as it is projected from the nozzle-unit 58 is divided into two stream -by said vane 86. This separation of the stream is only for a short interval.

As the nozzle unit 58- continues its clockwise rotation about its pivot mountings 82, and the vane 86 is held against the pins 39, the upper-surface of the vane 8&5- and the lower surface-of the top-nozzle wall H3- will eventually reach a stage where they will converge towards the outlet of the nozzle unit. This convergence produces a component force on tho vane 86 rotating said vane clockwise about its pivot supports 85 until it hits the bottom nozzle Wall M, as the nozzle unit 58 reaches limiting position, as shown in Fig. 10. In this limiting position of the nozzle unit 58, the stream is projected from said unit in its uppermost limiting angular direction.

When the nozzle unit 58 and the vane 86 have reached the limiting position shown in Fig. 10, the liquid as it streams through said nozzle unit applies force to the vane 86 tending to move said vane and thereby to reverse the nozzle unit 58 counterclockwise about its pivot mountings 82. The nozzle unit 53, as it rotates counterclockwise, continuously changes the course of the stream projected from the said nozzle unit and will continue to rotate in this direction until the vane 86 engages the lower pins 88 a shown in Fig. 11. The continued counterclockwise rotation of the nozzle unit about its pivot mountlugs 82 tends to move the vane 85 counterclockwise about its pivot mountings 85, until it engages the upper nozzle wall lil, in the limiting position of the unit shown in Fig. 8. The cycle through the different stages shown in Figs. 8, 9, 10 and 11 is then repeated.

t is seen that with this nozzle arrangement, the stream of cleaning liquid projected from the nozzle unit 58 is repeatedly oscillated angularly up and down so that every part of the dishes in the basket 48 is cleaned.

The motor 3! is automatically controlled from the cover I6, so that when said cover is closed, the circuit of the motor is closed to drive the water wheel 5? and when the cover is opened, the circuit of said motor is automatically opened to shut down the water wheel. For that purpose, there is provided a switch unit 95 containing two switches for safety, connected in series with the motor 3| through lead lines at extending from a conductor cord 9? connected to a suitable source of power such as, for example, the ordinary household outlet. These switches are controlled by a pair of plungers Hit, each connected to a respective leg of a leaf spring IliI, while the other leg is firmly secured to one of the side housing walls II. These plungers It'll bear against the underside of the cover It near its outer edge and tend to open said cover. However, the cover It is held closed against the action of the springs IllI by one or more latches 33 secured to the underside of the cover and hooking on to a crank Hill on a crank shaft H35 which extends across the machine and which terminates at its ends in oiiset handles I85 on the sides of the machine. By turning either handle I06 counterclockwise from the positionshown-irr Fig; 2,.the cranlc I041? is moved out of engagement with the latch orlatches Hi3 sothatthe cover Ilt'is; permitte'dto open under the action of the. spring. loaded.

plungers Hi0. Thev release of the cover lit permits upward movement of the plungers: Hi0, so

that the switches operated by said plungers. areopened. This opens the circuitv ofsthe motor 3|, and causes said motor to stop and the rotation of the water'wheel dlt'o cease.

The circuit; which operates? the; motor 3I also operates an electric heater IIEi in the sump tank as in position. to be immersed in the. liquid insai'd tank. This heater is connected to the circuit 101 the motor 3I' by means of wires III and; is

controlled by a thermostat I I2, so that whenthe water in the sump'tank reaches a. predetermined temperature, the heater I I ll is: automatically cut oil". The heater I'Io is'turned off and turned on by the opening and closing of the cover I6.

The machine of the present invention can be made small enough to wash at one time all the silver, glass and china used in a normal dinner for two, and by taking out the basket 40 and inserting a frying pan or a pot into the washing chamber with its handle projecting out through the opening 33 in the top wall section 3'2 of the housing It, said pan can be effectively washed. 'Ihe rinsing of the kitchen utensils can be efiected by cleaning out the screen 21 of its debris, and replacing the soaped water in the sump tank 45 with clean water. If desired, the rinsing may be accomplished under the ordinary sink faucet, or by removing the basket 40 from the washer and placing it into another vessel containing rinse water.

The machine is also conveniently adaptable for use in a drugstore or small restaurant. In such a case, three of these machines for example, may be employed. The first machine would wash, the second machine would rinse partially and the third machine would apply the final rinse. A fourth machine might be arranged to blow hot air over the dishes and dry them.

While the invention has been described with particular reference to a specific embodiment, it is to be understood that it is not limited thereto, but is to be construed broadly and restricted solely by the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In a dish washing machine, the combination comprising a housing defining a washing chamber, means for supporting a basket of dishes in said chamber, a nozzle supported on a substantially horizontal pivot axis near one end of said chamber to permit said nozzle to oscillate in a substantially vertical plane and having its outlet directed towards one end of said chamber to project a main solid stream of water for dish washing into said chamber, and means including a vane tiltably mounted in said nozzle on a substantially horizontal axis in the path of the stream therethrough and responsive to the movement of the nozzle to one of its extremes to tilt said vane in a direction to cause it to move said nozzle toward the opposite extreme thereby causing said nozzle to oscillate about its pivot axis by the hydrodynamic action of the liquid streaming through said nozzle, whereby the liquid stream from said nozzle is made to play on the dishes in said chamber.

2. In a dish washing machine, the combination as described in claim 1, comprising a sump tank below said chamber, and a motor driven water wheel in said sump tank below said chamher, to raise the water to the'inlet of saidnoz zle.

3. In a dish washing machine, the combination as described in claim 1, said means additionally including a pair of means mounted on said housing for limiting the movement of said vane.

DANIEL DOUGLAS DEMAREST.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Murdoch June 26, 1928 Number Number 15 138,280 587,166

' Name Date Elkington Feb. 5, 1929 Schneider May 14, 1929 Clinton Oct. 29, 1929 Schmidt et a1 May 27, 1930 Fisk May 26, 1931 Biide Apr. 18, 1939 Rataiczak et a1. Oct. 15, 1940 Bilde Oct. 22, 1940 Yochem Feb. 24, 1942 Kempton Mar. 31, 1942 Bilde Dec. 8, 1942 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Switzerland June 16, 1930 Great Britain Apr. 16, 1947 

